Free Essays On Shakespeares Sonnet 118 :: Sonnet essays

Examination of Sonnet 118   Like as, to make our cravings increasingly sharp, With excited mixes we our sense of taste encourage; As to forestall our illnesses inconspicuous We nauseate to evade ailment when we cleanse: All things considered, being brimming with your ne'er cloying pleasantness, To unpleasant sauces did I outline my taking care of; Also, tired of government assistance, found a sort of meetness To be diseas'd ere that there was genuine needing.j Accordingly strategy in affection, to foresee The ills that were not, developed to deficiencies assur'd, What's more, brought to medication a stimulating state Which, rank of goodness, would by sick be cur'd: In any case, thus I learn, and discover the exercise valid, Medications harm him that so fell tired of you.     This is another poem that Hieatt found to impart certain similitudes to Spencer's _Ruines of Rome: In Sonnets 118 the pride of wellbeing 'rank in goodness' envisioning and along these lines precipitatin ailment mirrors, first, Ruines 10- - the 'rank seed' who pulverize themselves- - and, second, Ruines23- - the Roman individuals 'anxious of joy's swoon wants,' turning into the matter of their own fimes, 'as in a horrendous body net illness/Soon develops through silliness' pointlessness'. Having a potential hotspot for this poem, we will currently move to a summarizing of the work. 1-2: 'So as to make our hungers increasingly mindful (of taste), we persuade our sense of taste by ingesting invigorating dishes'; 3-4: 'So as to forestall unanticipated infection, we cleanse ourselves [Ingram/jRedpath note, The good old cleanses were amazing, and could for sure cause individuals to feel incredibly ill], to make that ailment fake, yet become debilitated thusly'; 5-6: 'As this may be, I allotted my eating regimen to obnoxious dishes [base company] from being (so) loaded with your significant pleasantness'; 7-8: 'And, reveled in joy, I found a [requisite] jusxtaposition of getting unhealthy (from the cleansing) since I needed, 1) the ailment, or 2) your affection [or both]'; 9-10: 'Accordingly, it is a tricky [almost excessively sly] technique in adoration, to envision the transgressors that are not generally thought of, which develop into attested shortcomings'; 11-12: 'And make a stimulating state of me accessible to medication which, net [almost with a feeling of glutton] with goodness, would be restored by the evildoers:' 13-14: 'Yet from this I learn, and discover the exercise [moral] valid, that the medications that harmed him [identity obscure; perhaps in general] are similar ones that made me fall (love) wiped out for you'.

The bible and Quran common teaching about voilence and faith Essay

The holy book and Quran normal instructing about voilence and confidence - Essay Example From Arabia and Persia: The World of Islam and the Near East: The Spread of Christianity written in the Bedford Anthology of World Literature, it discusses the historical backdrop of how Islam, the most youthful religion, and Christianity, was built up and framed. In the deserts of Arabian Peninsula during the seventh century, a prophet named Muhammad, at 30 years old while he was in a cavern, accepted to have gotten a calling from Allah, the Islamic name of God, and that he was the remainder of the prophets. From that point on, he started to lecture and offer Allah’s disclosures introduced to Muhammad to the remainder of the world. The disclosures, said to be simply the exact expressions of Allah is safeguarded in its content called the Qur’an. Muslims practice the lessons in it, including the Five Pillars, for example, fasting and offerings giving, and different practices, for example, Jihad, otherwise called battle. Christianity, then again, was made around 30 A.D. E very one of its lessons and the practices done by Christians depend on Jesus Christ’s life and lessons. In the Rise of Christianity, it clarifies and retells the spread of Christianity, beginning from the Roman Empire. Jesus’ lessons are completely introduced in the various writings and sacred texts essentially the Hebrew Bible, which discusses Jesus’ birth, his life including his demise and revival. Its fundamental instructing is that Jesus Christ, who is the Messiah, passed on for the world’s sins and in the event that anyone acknowledges Him as their Lord and individual Savior, they will have the option to go to paradise and be with God. Christians work on venerating and applauding the Lord, asking and fasting, and sanctification. Despite the fact that they are two absolutely and totally various religions, Christianity and Islam are thought of and respected to be the nearest between every other religion as far as their confidence, convictions just as a portion of their qualities, sharing a few similitudes and resemblance. The primary likeness that the two religions share is the monotheistic faith in a similar God. In Islam, this is appeared through a few sections in Islam’s most holy book, the Qur’an. In one of the refrains composed, especially in Qur’an 3:64, it says â€Å"Say, ‘O adherents of the sacred writing, let us go to a legitimate understanding among us and you: that we will not love with the exception of GOD; that we never set up any icons other than Him, nor set up any people as masters close to GOD.’ If they dismiss, say, ‘Bear witness that we are submitters.† And in the Holy Bible, it says in the book of first Corinthians in the New Testament, â€Å"yet for us there is nevertheless one God, the Father, from whom all things came and for whom we live; and there is nevertheless one Lord, Jesus Christ, through whom all things came and through whom we live.† The Qurâ⠂¬â„¢an and the Bible additionally have faith in the presence and nearness of holy messengers who are the errand people of God, perpetually extolling Him. Both blessed books additionally recount similar prophets, for example, Adam, the primary human on Earth, Noah, Abraham whom is exceptionally offered significance to in Islam and is accepted to be one of, if not the most significant prophet and envoy of Allah who has followed the entirety of the Lord’s precepts and who has defeated all the preliminaries that God has given, Moses and Jesus, yet in Christianity, Jesus is the Son of God, not only a prophet in which Islam accepts. The Day of Resurrection and Judgment and the conviction that it is foreordained by God however obscure to any other person in paradise and on Earth is likewise a typical and a common conviction written in the two writings.

Finding a job at the National Institutes of Health

Finding a job at the National Institutes of Health Nick asked: I was wondering how you got your job at the NIH National Human Genome Research Institute? Thanks a lot for your help. This is an interesting question, one that took me about four years to figure out how to answer. As part of my high schools curriculum, we were required to complete a Senior Research Project and I thought it would be neat to do my research at the NIH. So, I dug around the NIH website (http://www.nih.gov/) and came across the Research and Training Opportunities page (http://www.training.nih.gov/student/) with links to student programs. After sending in the Summer Internship Program (SIP) application (which includes 2 recommendations, an essay, a resume, a cover letter, and a grade report), I waited and waited and waited until March when I received an e-mail saying that I was not able to be placed in a laboratory. I thought it was just because of my lack of experience, so I repeated the same process for the next two years. Finally, I found out that the SIP application just goes into a giant database where NIH scientists can search through different fields and find students that meet their criteria. But, the chances of them randomly coming across your information are so low! What you have to do is browse the NIH website or talk to friends and neighbors to find the name of specific scientists whose research youre interested in. E-mail them directly and maybe attach a resume. Id recommend e-mailing a LOT of researchers and starting the application process very early (January or February) for best results. And be persistent! Emphasize your strengths, educational background, and desire to learn. Once you are in MIT, you can use the Institute Career Assistance Network (ICAN) https://alum.mit.edu/cs/ican/index.html) to get advice and find alums at virtually every company or organization you could possibly want to work for. The database has the contact information of more than 2,900 MIT alums who just want to help current students find a job and figure out what they want to do in life. I also used the amazing Alumni Directory (https://alum.mit.edu/as/index.html) to get in contact with several NIH scientists that went to MIT at some point in their lives. I cant say enough good things about the directory; you can search by geographic location, company, graduation date, course, degree, student activity, sports, living group anything! By using the directory, I spoke to one doctor who gave me a lot of great information and advice about clinical research, and I found the names of other researchers who ultimately offered me jobs. In fact, I found my current job using the directory. So , dont let this amazing resource go to waste! Ooh, fun fact of the day, NIH is doing radio podcasts now: http://www.nih.gov/news/radio/nihpodcast.htm I had a pretty interesting past couple of days, which I promise to write about soon!

The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1577 Words

The settings of masterfully composed novels often gives the audience insights of the novels characters and the novels themes such as the novel written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Great Gatsby. In this novel, the character and the narrator Nick Carraway describes the mystery and puzzles of his past neighbor, and also the main character, Jay Gatsby. Gatsby is a multimillion tycoon who is madly in love with Daisy Buchanan, an amazing, upper-class woman with whom he had been together with, years prior. She is now married to a man named Tom Buchanan. Gatsby dedicates his whole life to picking up money and status to satisfy her, yet his accomplishments and obsessive admiration for Daisy in the future leads to his own terrible death. In The Great†¦show more content†¦The area and structural planning of East Egg straightforwardly mirror the identities of the people who live there. East Egg’s attractive, distinguished inhabitants show perfect behavior and social elegance; be t hat as it may, East Eggers are coldhearted, wicked individuals. Nick Carraway is sick and tired with them and their lifestyle, stating, They were inconsiderate†¦ crushed things up†¦ then withdrew to their cash (Fitzgerald 187-188). The East Egg partiers show stuck-up criticism through their conduct at Gatsby’s parties, where the air is bursting at the ridges with gibber and giggling, and easygoing insinuation and appearances disregarded on the spot, and eager gatherings between ladies who never knew each other or each other’s names (44). The immense houses in East Egg are the exemplification of social class barriers and superiority also. Both the residents of the East Egg and the mansions think exclusively about how they look and have no resistance for individuals from another class. All the mansions are great and extravagant, including the Buchanan’s house. The house is impeccable and white, replicating Daisy Buchanan’s closet all through the novel. Fitzgerald mirrors his fortunate characters’ distinctiveness through his representation of the East Egg. New York City offers a significant number of East Egg’s attributes. The people of both places display immorality and little devotion to ethicalness. Since the people of The Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald - 1577 Words The title of the novel, The Great Gatsby, written by F. Scott Fitzgerald, automatically tricks the readers into believing that Gatsby, since Fitzgerald placed the adjective â€Å"great† preceding his name, is seen as this wonderful, innocent man. Throughout the novel, the readers are provided with evidence that contradicts this first impression that Gatsby is â€Å"Great.† The beginning of the novel shows Gatsby’s â€Å"mysterious† side when the narrator, Nick Carraway, first meets Gatsby. Gatsby was standing out on his dock and a green light was seen in the vast distance. The green light could represent the end of the dock, but its symbolism is unknown. In this moment, Gatsby can be labeled as an observer, attempting to take everything in. Fitzgerald even says himself While Gatsby is a mystery for those who attend his parties, he is even more, as Nick Carraway notes, an elusive rhythm, a fragment of lost words which foreshadows the complexity of Gatsby s character (Fitzgerald 87). Fitzgerald says if personality is an unbroken series of successful gestures, then there was something gorgeous about him, some heightened sensitivity to the promises of life, as if he were related to one of those intricate machines that register earthquakes ten thousand miles away (Fitzgerald 2). In a way, the â€Å"intricate machine† represents Gats by’s complex personality and describes in further detail the mysterious factor he gives off. The social ranking of â€Å"New Money† versus â€Å"Old Money† is alsoShow MoreRelatedThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald1393 Words   |  6 PagesF. Scott Fitzgerald was the model of the American image in the nineteen twenties. He had wealth, fame, a beautiful wife, and an adorable daughter; all seemed perfect. Beneath the gilded faà §ade, however, was an author who struggled with domestic and physical difficulties that plagued his personal life and career throughout its short span. This author helped to launch the theme that is so prevalent in his work; the human instinct to yearn for more, into the forefront of American literature, where itRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1343 Words   |  6 PagesHonors English 10 Shugart 18 Decemeber 2014 The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald s 1925 novel The Great Gatsby is a tragic love story, a mystery, and a social commentary on American life. The Great Gatsby is about the lives of four wealthy characters observed by the narrator, Nick Carroway. Throughout the novel a mysterious man named Jay Gatsby throws immaculate parties every Saturday night in hope to impress his lost lover, Daisy Buchanan. Gatsby lives in a mansion on West Egg across from DaisyRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1155 Words   |  5 PagesThe Great Gatsby The Jazz Age was an era where everything and anything seemed possible. It started with the beginning of a new age with America coming out of World War I as the most powerful nation in the world (Novel reflections on, 2007). As a result, the nation soon faced a culture-shock of material prosperity during the 1920’s. Also known as the â€Å"roaring twenties†, it was a time where life consisted of prodigality and extravagant parties. Writing based on his personal experiences, author F. ScottRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1166 Words   |  5 Pagesin the Haze F. Scott Fitzgerald lived in a time that was characterized by an unbelievable lack of substance. After the tragedy and horrors of WWI, people were focused on anything that they could that would distract from the emptiness that had swallowed them. Tangible greed tied with extreme materialism left many, by the end of this time period, disenchanted. The usage of the literary theories of both Biographical and Historical lenses provide a unique interpretation of the Great Gatsby centered aroundRead MoreThe Great Gatsby by F. Scott Fitzgerald845 Words   |  3 PagesIn F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel, The Great Gatsby, colors represent a variety of symbols that relate back to the American Dream. The dream of being pure, innocent and perfect is frequently associated with the reality of corruption, violence, and affairs. Gatsby’s desire for achieving the American Dream is sought for through corruption (Schneider). The American Dream in the 1920s was perceived as a desire of w ealth and social standings. Social class is represented through the East Egg, the WestRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald Essay970 Words   |  4 Pagesrespecting and valuing Fitzgerald work in the twenty-first century? Fitzgerald had a hard time to profiting from his writing, but he was not successful after his first novel. There are three major point of this essay are: the background history of Fitzgerald life, the comparisons between Fitzgerald and the Gatsby from his number one book in America The Great Gatsby, and the Fitzgerald got influences of behind the writing and being a writer. From childhood to adulthood, Fitzgerald faced many good andRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald2099 Words   |  9 Pagesauthor to mirror his life in his book. In his previous novels F. Scott Fitzgerald drew from his life experiences. He said that his next novel, The Great Gatsby, would be different. He said, â€Å"In my new novel I’m thrown directly on purely creative work† (F. Scott Fitzgerald). He did not realize or did not want it to appear that he was taking his own story and intertwining it within his new novel. In The Great Gatsby, by F. Scott Fitzgerald, he imitates his lifestyle through the Buchanan family to demonstrateRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1607 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Gatsby is an American novel written in 1925 by F. Scott Fitzgerald. One of the themes of the book is the American Dream. The American Dream is an idea in which Americans believe through hard work they can achieve success and prosperity in the free world. In F. Scott Fitzgerald s novel, The Great Gatsby, the American Dream leads to popularity, extreme jealousy and false happiness. Jay Gatsby’s recent fortune and wealthiness helped him earn a high social position and become one of the mostRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1592 Words   |  7 PagesMcGowan English 11A, Period 4 9 January 2014 The Great Gatsby Individuals who approach life with an optimistic mindset generally have their goals established as their main priority. Driven by ambition, they are determined to fulfill their desires; without reluctance. These strong-minded individuals refuse to be influenced by negative reinforcements, and rely on hope in order to achieve their dreams. As a man of persistence, the wealthy Jay Gatsby continuously strives to reclaim the love of hisRead MoreThe Great Gatsby By F. Scott Fitzgerald1646 Words   |  7 PagesThe 1920s witnessed the death of the American Dream, a message immortalized in F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby. Initially, the American Dream represented the outcome of American ideals, that everyone has the freedom and opportunity to achieve their dreams provided they perform honest hard work. During the 1920s, the United States experienced massive economic prosperity making the American Dream seem alive and strong. However, in Fitzgerald’s eyes, the new Am erican culture build around that

Sociology 210 Study Guide - 1129 Words

Chapter One: The Sociological Perspective I. The Sociological Perspective. A. Sociology is the systematic study of human society. B. The sociological perspective (Berger, 1963) helps us to see general social patterns in the behavior of particular individuals (the general in the particular). C. It also encourages us to realize that society guides our thoughts and deeds — to see the strange in the familiar (Berger, 1963). D. Sociology also encourages us to see personal choice in social context. 1. For example, Emile Durkheim’s (1858-1917) research showed that the suicide rate was strongly influenced by the extent to which people were socially integrated with others. 2. WINDOW ON THE WORLD—Global Map 1–1 (p. 4): Women’s†¦show more content†¦V. Sociological Theory. A. A theory is a statement of how and why specific facts are related. The goal of sociological theory is to explain social behavior in the real world. B. Theories are based on theoretical approaches, basic images of society that guide thinking and research. Sociologists ask two basic questions: â€Å"What issues should we study?† and â€Å"How should we connect the facts?† There are three major sociological paradigms: 1. The structural-functional approach is a framework for building theory that sees society as a complex system whose parts work together to promote solidarity and stability. a. It asserts that our lives are guided by social structures (relatively stable patterns of social behavior). b. Each social structure has social functions, or consequences, for the operation of society as a whole. c. Key figures in the development of this approach include Auguste Comte, Emile Durkheim, Herbert Spencer, and Talcott Parsons. d. Robert Merton (1910-2003) introduced three concepts related to social function: 1) manifest functions, the recognized and intended consequences of any social pattern 2) latent functions, largely unrecognized and unintended con-sequences 3) social dysfunctions, undesirable consequences of a social pattern for the operation of society e. Critical review: The influence of this approach has declined in recent decades. 2. The social-conflict approach, or Marxist Theory, is a framework for buildingShow MoreRelatedWhy Do Such Divisions Exist Within The Labour Market? Essay1129 Words   |  5 Pagescauses of labour market insecurity and inequality, analyzing the effects on social groups, and determining how government and employer policies can aid in reducing work-related insecurity and inequality. Insecurity versus Inequality In the Sociology 321 Study Guide, Ursule Critoph defines labour market insecurity as â€Å"the lack of dependable income and work and to the presence of dangerous and difficult working conditions,† and labour market inequality as â€Å"the different statuses, experiences, and outcomesRead MoreDistinguish Between Crime as a Social and a Sociological Problem, to What Extent Should Sociologists Attempt to Combat â€Å"the Social Problem of Crime†1943 Words   |  8 Pageslaws. Laws are formal sanctions. Durkheim who was probably one of the founding fathers of sociology saw crime and deviance as social facts. (Giddens 2001 pg. 207). They are essential and necessary to a society’s progression. The problem with this is that traditional norms become undermined and if you don’t replace them, Anomie exists. Durkheim believed Anomie exists when there are no clear standards to guide behaviour, social values and norms become weakened. If they are not replaced with n ew onesRead MoreThe Research Article Selected For This Critical Deconstruction1242 Words   |  5 Pagesis a well respected journal with a history dating back to 1977. While the journal is not highly ranked according to the SCImago Journal Rank Indicator, with a H Index of 47 and occupying the first quartile in the fields of Environmental Science, Sociology and Political Science, and Tourism, Leisure and Hospitality Management, the journal has respectable metrics further validating the selection of the article for this deconstruction. The central research problem of the article relates to the lackRead MoreEducational Philosophy: Metaphysics, Epistemology, Axiology, and Logic1746 Words   |  7 Pages(Dewey 1938/1997). Dewey axiology and epistemology emphasized that each individual required different experiences from education, and the only real meaning they would derive from these was the contribution they made to society. 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Preface Teenage Pregnancy Free Essays

a. Preface Teenage pregnancy is the period where children between ages of 13-20 become pregnant. Teenage pregnancy is not really a quite higher in our baranggay compare o other places. We will write a custom essay sample on Preface Teenage Pregnancy or any similar topic only for you Order Now As a result teenage pregnancy has become an issue as it has been defined as a family problem rather than anything else. Teen mother have lower chance of completing their high school or college, especially if they have their first child before 18. They are not able to complete their basic education. Although they have sill few basic skill such as computer literacy, health implication to heir selves and to their baby is not enough above all it is the reason why they are dropping out from schools. Acknowledgment His research would not have been possible without the help of several individuals who extend their assistance in the preparation of this study. I express my gratitude to Dra. Jenny C. Possecion – Obygyne Criselda Almeron- health worker Incarnacion S. De Celis- for her vital encouragement and support The teenage mothers who is willing to share their experiences Kgwd. Arnold Rosales for the help and inspiration he extended Brgy. Pasandalan Health workers Staff Most especially to my family, friends and to God who made all things possible. Risk of Teenage Pregnancy Summary The effect of teenage pregnancy has often been raised. At what age should a woman to be pregnant? Some argue that it does not matter what age a person is as long as he or she is mature. While other says that maturity comes with age. And a teenager is never equipped for responsibilityin comes with bearing a child. There are several health risk that cn affect our young people today. Specially for those young women who choose to carry a child. Raising a child involves a lot of patience and sacrifices that a teen does not have. Teen mothers starts smooking, dringking,during pregnancy because of stress and depressions, as a result there can be effects in their bodies. Because they are still young they still have immature body and mind. They can suffer health problems and it includes the baby. Body of the report Introduction Teen pregnancy is a problem in today’s society. Young or teen mothers really don’t know their options. Many teens today are not aware of the dangers in unprotected sex. They bring another life in this world without a proper care. We all know that teenage pregnancy can be reasons of poor educational achievement, poverty and a lot of health risk. Background/history Teenage pregnancy is a pregnancy on a female under 20 years old. A pregnancy can take place as early as two weeks before the first menstrual period. Which signals the possibility of fertility. One of the main reasons why the youth are clueless about sexual intercourse and consequences are the fact that the youth are misinformed about sexual intercourse. Teens nowadays are exposed to sex movies, internet, TV and other media forms which are not presented during earlier times. The problem now that arises is that the â€Å"barkada† has a lot of influence than the parents do. Teenagers who have friends who engaged in sexual intercourse are more likely to engage in it compare to those who do not mingle much with their friends. Purpose statement This study is conducted in random puroks of brgy. Pasandalan, Lebak Sultan Kudarat The purpose of conducing a research about teenage pregnancy is to know what are the reasons why they get pregnant. I want to know anything from how hard it was, how their boyfriend/parents took it. And the effects for being a young mother. Determine how many teenage girls are able to complete school. Scope and limitation The study focuses on teenage pregnancy and some of its effects. This study is limited only to give information about having sex before marriage and its all consequences. Like the disadvantages to the students This study is important since teenagers will have a background knowledge of the said study they will also think twice if they want to do it or not. Teenage pregnancy has some advantages and disadvantages. Some of this are, * They have to stop going to school since they are pregnant. * They are also forced not to go out to much because they have to take care of their child. * They also need to find a job to pay for all expenses of their child. * And of course they are going to face all the consequences for having a child. If there are disadvantages there are also advantages. Some of I are they will experience having a family. And they get to experience pleasure at an early age and experience being a paren. Teen pregnancy health risk Pregnant teens and their unborn babies have risks. * Lack of parental care Teenage who are pregnant specially if they don’t have support from their parents are at risk. Prenatal care screens for medical problems in both mother and baby. * Low-birth weight baby Teens are higher risk of having a low-birth weight babies. Premature babies are more likely has less weight. Feeling alone Especially for teens who think they can’t tell their parents they’re pregnant, feeling scared and alone can be a real problem. Without the support of family, pregnant teens are less likely to eat well or get plenty of rest. * Children born with a young mom Baby that is born to teenage mothers are less likely to receive proper nutrition, health care and as a result they are ri sk for lower academic achievement. * Children born to teenage mothers are at risk for abuse * Girls born to teenage mothers are more likely to become teenage mothers themselves. How to cite Preface Teenage Pregnancy, Essay examples

The Pros and Cons about Outsourcing free essay sample

Diversity is crucial and inevitable for any service organisations to create opportunities for more innovative ideas. Diversity involves individuals from different ethnic background, culture, age, gender, status and personality characteristics to communicate and share values. To promote and implement diversity, managers should have an effective recruitment strategy. Although diversity creates opportunities, it can create contemporary issues. The issues on diversity are rather complex. This is due to the changing nature of social trends organisations need to adapt. For example, there has been an increase of women entering in the workforce by 40 per cent since August 1961 [ABS, 2013. ] and an increase of employment in part-time and casuals since 1979. The percentage of full-time employees fell from 42 per cent to 39 per cent, while part-time increased from 25 per cent to 36 per cent [Lawson, 2007. ]. There are other several trends which influence the nature of diversity in the service industry. These include the recognition of Australia characteristics as more of a multicultural country. We will write a custom essay sample on The Pros and Cons about Outsourcing or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The country is also known as an aging population and is skewed towards white-collar services. An increase of technology development creates more of a diverse country through networking. This suggests that social attitudes, cultural trends and values can often change. For example, Qantas had the difficulty of maintaining the company’s consistency in terms of performance due to the changing nature of diversity. Work-life balanced positions are more in demand. Thus Qantas has responded in employing more casual and part-time employees. This change has driven Qantas to reduce costs and improved its international competitiveness. There has also been an increase in participation of women in the workforce. Qantas has the total 42 per cent of women in which only 23 per cent of women occupy senior roles [Broadbridge, D. (2013: 68)]. Thus Qantas had implemented family practices to maintain women within the airline. This reinforces that, there is a need of ongoing diversity management to gain a productive diversity. Hence organisations are able to gain a sustainable competitive advantage. Managing diversity is defined as â€Å"the challenge of meeting the needs of a culturally diverse workforce and of sensitizing workers and managers to differences associated with gender, race, age and nationality in attempt to maximise the potential productivity of all employees† [Ellis and Sonnenfield (1994: 82)]. Tesco, a UK customer focused retailer has identified the essential of diversity management. To reach its maximum potential goals, Tesco has established a clear mission statement – â€Å"we make what matters better, together† [Tesco PLC, 2013]. The retailer’s mission statement promotes productive diversity. Tesco has recognised the importance of inclusion to ensure high employee satisfaction. The strong communication between managers and employees encourages each employee to maximise their own potential productivity against the organisation values and its benchmark. The industry further provides flexibility to all employees where â€Å"everyone is welcome† to motivate employees to become further productive. Therefore as a result, Tesco has gained significant benefits. These benefits include an increase of diverse knowledge and skills towards customer services, innovative opportunities, positive reputation of the organisation and an increase of service productivity. Thus it reinforces the importance of effective diversity management to gain a sustainable competitive advantage. A financial company, Westpac has also incorporated diversity management strategies to ensure the company achieve its vision – â€Å"To be one of the world’s great companies, helping our customers, communities and people to prosper and grow† [Westpac Group Ltd, 2013.]. Westpac has established The Westpac Group Diversity Council and diversity policy to ensure their objectives have been achieved. The policy outlines that managers should have continuous review and discussions in addressing with any emerging diversity-related organisational issues. This provides the organisation a constant strategic and effective diversity management evaluation. It also outlines engagement strategies such as effective communication to increase its productive diversity. Hence ensures the company reaches its vision. Westpac Ltd, 2013, has clearly identified within its industry that, 43% of employees (36% men and 48% women) work flexibly, over 12% employees have disability, 61% employees are women are and 32% of employees were born outside of Australia and New Zealand. These statistics suggests Westpac have provided an inclusion of all recruited employees to promote a diverse service culture. As result, Westpac has gained positive response in managing diversity. The finance company has received recognition as one of the world’s most ethical companies [Ethisphere Institute, 2013.]; top ten employer for LGBTI (Lesbian Gay Bisexual Transgender and Intersex) inclusion [Australian Workplace Equality Index Awards, 2013. ]; won the Gender Equity in workforce [AHRI Diversity awards, 2013. ]; won the Employer of Choice for Women Award [Workplace Gender Equality Agency, 2013. ] and has been ranked 10th in the Global 100 list of the world’s sustainable corporations. Therefore it emphasises the need of diversity management in service industry to maintain a sustainable competitive advantage. Diversity can provide organisations great benefits, but it is also the cause of contemporary issues and conflicts when organisations need employees to think in the same direction. For example, according to Sunday Morning Herald, in 2002, TPG had a discrimination-related issue – a Muslim employee had asked the organisation to have a five minute break for his prayer was rejected. The issue was brought to the Australian Industrial Relations Commission. As a result, TPG had failed to recognise its need of incorporating diversity with its culture values. Thus there was a need in changing its work ethnic values. Conflict can arise due to the differences of stakeholder’s values and miscommunication. Hence it is difficult to measure fairness and equality between the different cultures and social and ethical values. For example social etiquette is vital in a diverse service industry. The term â€Å"respect† can be interpreted in different perspectives. This is due to language barriers and different cultural aspects. It is also difficult to recruit a diverse workforce that is able to parallel with the organisational culture values. For example, most recruitment is based on skills, personal traits, experience and qualifications that are fitted to the organisation’s value. Conflicts are also inevitable, thus, managers should implement conflict resolution strategies to decrease the amount of conflicts. Conflict resolutions include identifying the issue, negotiating, mediating, grievance procedures and involvement of courts and tribunals. Thus, these strategies are a vital tool for service industries to promote productive diversity. Identifying the issue is the first step when a conflict arises. Managers who recognises the cause of the conflict are able to prevent further complex disputes. To avoid misunderstandings, managers should use active listening skills. This includes mirroring, paraphrasing, summarising, clarifying questions and providing the speaker motivational response. Negotiating is a bargaining process between two or more parties seeking to discover a common ground and reach an agreement to settle a matter of mutual concern or resolve a conflict [Chapman, S. 2011. ]. Mediation is the process of using a third party to settle a dispute [Samson, D.  and Draft, R. 2012. ]. Both solutions provide an ongoing communication between stakeholders to reach a â€Å"win-win† situation. Grievance procedures are used in certain conflict situations which must be handled in procedure. This method provides clear instructions on resolving a dispute. Courts and tribunals are a third individual mechanism that enforces a solution based on the conflict circumstance. Although it is used effectively to end a dispute, it could be argued that, this mechanism would be the causes of organisations to have further internal disputes. This is due to the negative publicity. In 2011, Qantas had a dispute in terms of different values between CEO and the union and employees. It could also be argued, that this conflict is due to poor management. The issue was based on providing employees a sense of job security, due to the â€Å"cultural shift† of outsourcing parts of its operation to Asia. The lack of flexibility and ineffective communication due to the top-down management hierarchy were also the causes of conflict. As result, the dispute had become internationally known and major costs were involved. Qantas human resource managers should have clearly communicated its vision to provide a sense of employee’s job security. Integrating diversity in the workplace is not only to create opportunities but it is to abide legal ethics. The legislation enforced in Australia to ensure equality employment is Equal Employment Opportunity Act 1987 (Cth). The Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) outlines that all employees have equal access to the opportunities that are available, including promotion possibilities, overtime availability and leave entitlements [Chapman, S. 2011]. Thus, it could be argued, that, the legislation promotes diversity. Organisations which fail to abide the legal systems would be subjected to hefty fines and gain a negative industry reputation. For example, in 2003, the phone company, TPG had discriminated a female pregnant employee under the EEO. The company did not offer a suitable part-time position after her maternity leave. As a result of this issue, TPG had to cover $75,000 of damage [Sunday Morning Herald, 2003. ]. This suggests poor productive diversity. It is recommended, that TPG should evaluate its diversity management and its culture values. This case study also suggests the need to reform the legislation where women with pregnancy are included to avoid further conflicts. Thus, the Equal Employment Opportunity Amendment Act 2012 (Cth) legislation further reinforced and depicts issues on conflicts based upon discrimination, harassment and racism. Westpac and Qantas have obligated to promote EEO within the workforce. Westpac has effectively promoted EEO and its values to employees. The establishment of the diversity council group had lead Westpac to manage its diversity effectively. Through continuous evaluation, Westpac has created high staff morale. Thus the company is able to maintain its low staff turnover and absenteeism. Qantas has established a Diversity Statement to ensure the airline industry is obligated to the EEO. The EEO provides Qantas to promote diversity through leadership, talent and development programs, flexible work arrangements and recruitment and selection processes [Qantas Airways Ltd, 2013. ]. This management approach supports Qantas objectives, delivers competitive advantage and benefits to customers. In conclusion service industries that effectively implement diversity management allows organisations to achieve its maximum potential goal. Hence it is an essential strategy for managers maintain a sustainable competitive advantage through productive diversity. It is also an opportunity for organisations to embrace diversity to become more innovative. Although productive diversity allows positive recognition response like Westpac, it can also be the cause of contemporary issues. Unable to identify contemporary issues will lead to conflicts. Conflicts are inevitable. Therefore, there is a need for conflict resolution mechanism to maintain ethical practices in the workforce. Further disputes can create a disadvantage. For example, Qantas should have positive reinforcement if there is a need for change of work practices. The lack of job security has lead unions and employees to go on strike. As result, major financial costs were involved and negative publicity. The establishment of the Equal Employment Opportunity Act 1987 (Cth) is enforced for all organisations to abide. The legislation ensures equity and fair ethical practices in the workforce. Failure to abide the legislation results in disadvantage outcomes. This could include negative publicity, increase of costs and decrease staff morale which leads to high staff turnover and low productive diversity. Overall the importance of incorporating diversity management, conflict resolution and equal employment opportunity determines the effectiveness in achieving organisations objectives. It is strongly recommended that, service industries should continuously evaluate its effectiveness of diversity management and conflict resolution to ensure an increase of productive diversity.